Sample data for calculating the levelized cost of energy and electricity
SAMPLE DATA FOR CALCULATING THE LEVELIZED COST OF ENERGY AND ELECTRICITY
Your favorite energy technology expert presents sample data for calculating the levelized cost of energy and electricity which could be applied on the NREL formula or implemented in a detailed project finance model.
The input data are summarized below.
| Type of Plant |
Capacity |
Overnight |
Capacity |
Fixed |
Variable |
DOE |
Franchise |
Income |
Economic |
Thermal |
Fuel |
| and Fuel |
|
Cost |
Factor |
O&M Cost |
O&M Cost |
fund |
Business tax |
Tax |
Life |
Efficiency |
Price |
|
MW |
$/kW |
% |
$/kw/yr |
cents/kWh |
P/kWh |
% |
% |
yrs |
% LHV net |
$/GJ net |
|
| Oil Thermal |
300 |
991 |
75.00% |
0.300 |
0.050 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
25 |
33.00% |
9.89 |
| Orimulsion Thermal |
100 |
1,376 |
57.69% |
0.390 |
0.065 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
19 |
38.00% |
5.05 |
| Gas Thermal |
100 |
991 |
75.00% |
0.300 |
0.050 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
25 |
45.00% |
6.28 |
| Reciprocating Engine |
50 |
1,300 |
75.00% |
0.040 |
0.500 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
20 |
47.00% |
14.92 |
| Orimulsion Reciprocating Engine |
50 |
1,685 |
57.69% |
0.052 |
0.650 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
15 |
47.00% |
5.05 |
| Simple Gas Turbine AD (nat gas) |
35 |
325 |
75.00% |
0.040 |
0.500 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
25 |
38.00% |
6.28 |
| Simple Gas Turbine AD (oil) |
35 |
325 |
75.00% |
0.040 |
0.500 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
25 |
38.00% |
9.89 |
| Recuperated GT |
3 |
400 |
75.00% |
0.040 |
0.500 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
25 |
40.50% |
6.28 |
| CHAT 11 MW |
11 |
800 |
75.00% |
0.040 |
0.500 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
25 |
44.50% |
6.28 |
| CHAT 300 MW |
300 |
375 |
75.00% |
0.040 |
0.500 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
25 |
54.70% |
6.28 |
| Heavy Frame GT |
200 |
560 |
75.00% |
0.040 |
0.500 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
25 |
35.00% |
6.28 |
| Combined Cycle GT (nat gas) |
500 |
650 |
82.00% |
0.150 |
0.200 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
25 |
56.00% |
6.28 |
| Combined Cycle GT (oil) |
500 |
650 |
82.00% |
0.000 |
0.000 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
25 |
56.00% |
9.89 |
| Pulverized Coal Thermal |
600 |
1,079 |
75.00% |
0.225 |
0.325 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
30 |
38.00% |
3.29 |
| Atmospheric CFB |
350 |
1,300 |
80.00% |
0.225 |
0.325 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
35 |
41.00% |
3.29 |
| Pressurized FBC |
550 |
1,200 |
80.00% |
0.242 |
0.325 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
35 |
43.00% |
3.29 |
| IGCC |
250 |
1,206 |
80.00% |
0.242 |
0.187 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
35 |
45.00% |
3.29 |
| BWR Advanced Nuclear |
1,356 |
2,521 |
65.00% |
0.550 |
0.040 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
30 |
33.00% |
0.20 |
| PWR Advanced Nuclear |
1,460 |
1,636 |
65.00% |
0.550 |
0.040 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
30 |
33.00% |
0.20 |
| PHWR once thru |
1,330 |
1,518 |
65.00% |
0.550 |
0.040 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
30 |
33.00% |
0.20 |
| AGR Advanced Nuclear |
1,100 |
1,550 |
65.00% |
0.550 |
0.040 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
30 |
33.00% |
0.20 |
| Large Hydro |
200 |
3,000 |
70.00% |
0.000 |
0.000 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
60 |
75.00% |
0.00 |
| Small / Mini Hydro |
30 |
1,300 |
50.00% |
0.000 |
0.000 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
50 |
75.00% |
0.00 |
| Micro Hydro |
0.1 |
2,200 |
33.00% |
0.000 |
0.000 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
20 |
75.00% |
0.00 |
| Pumped Hydro Storage |
1800 |
920 |
8.33% |
0.000 |
10.000 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
50 |
75.00% |
0.00 |
| Compressed Air Energy Storage |
350 |
350 |
8.33% |
0.000 |
1.000 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
10 |
80.00% |
0.00 |
| Flywheel Storage |
100 |
750 |
8.33% |
0.000 |
300.000 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
10 |
80.00% |
0.00 |
| USB – Lead Acid Storage |
10 |
460 |
8.33% |
0.000 |
17.000 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
10 |
90.00% |
0.00 |
| USB – Advanced Storage |
10 |
320 |
8.33% |
0.000 |
100.000 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
10 |
90.00% |
0.00 |
| SMES Storage |
100 |
720 |
8.33% |
0.000 |
300.000 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
10 |
90.00% |
0.00 |
| Ultracapacitors Storage |
1 |
2,025 |
8.33% |
0.000 |
3600.000 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
10 |
90.00% |
0.00 |
| Geothermal Flashed Steam |
50 |
2,000 |
90.00% |
0.957 |
0.015 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
50 |
28.00% |
2.00 |
| Wind Farm |
40 |
857 |
30.00% |
0.256 |
0.000 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
20 |
60.00% |
0.00 |
| Solar PV |
10 |
3,136 |
30.00% |
0.097 |
0.000 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
20 |
10.00% |
0.00 |
| Solar Thermal trough |
80 |
2,900 |
30.00% |
1.000 |
0.000 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
30 |
18.00% |
0.00 |
| Solar Thermal tower |
200 |
2,400 |
30.00% |
0.700 |
0.000 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
30 |
18.00% |
0.00 |
| Solar Thermal dish + Stirling engine |
0.5 |
2,900 |
30.00% |
2.000 |
0.000 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
30 |
35.00% |
0.00 |
| Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell |
1 |
1,500 |
80.00% |
0.144 |
0.200 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
6 |
36.00% |
5.69 |
| Proton Exchange Membrance FC |
0.25 |
1,000 |
80.00% |
0.144 |
0.200 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
6 |
35.00% |
5.69 |
| Molten Carbonate FC |
20 |
1,440 |
80.00% |
0.144 |
0.200 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
6 |
47.00% |
5.69 |
| Solid Oxide FC |
3 |
1,000 |
80.00% |
0.144 |
0.200 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
6 |
47.00% |
5.69 |
| SOFC + GT hybrid |
5 |
1,200 |
80.00% |
0.144 |
0.200 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
6 |
50.00% |
5.69 |
| Biomass Direct Combustion |
1,000 |
1,900 |
75.00% |
0.430 |
0.520 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
30 |
23.00% |
1.12 |
| Co-firing with coal (20% coal) |
150 |
700 |
75.00% |
0.225 |
0.325 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
30 |
38.00% |
1.55 |
| Biomass Gasification (BIGCC) |
30 |
1,500 |
75.00% |
0.242 |
0.187 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
30 |
35.00% |
1.12 |
| Municipal Solid Waste |
100 |
5,000 |
75.00% |
0.000 |
0.540 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
30 |
23.00% |
1.12 |
| Landfill Gas |
3 |
1,170 |
75.00% |
0.000 |
0.540 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
30 |
42.00% |
1.12 |
| Sewage Digestion |
1 |
5,600 |
75.00% |
0.000 |
0.540 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
30 |
26.00% |
1.12 |
| Ocean Wave |
0.5 |
1,510 |
75.00% |
0.000 |
0.000 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
60 |
50.00% |
0.00 |
| Tidal Power |
100 |
2,150 |
23.00% |
0.000 |
0.000 |
0.010 |
2.005% |
35.00% |
120 |
50.00% |
0.00 |
FORMULAS:
To refresh your memory, the formulas for calculating the levelized cost of electricity are shown below again:
| a) NREL formula | Net COE = ICC * CRF / AEPnet + (LLC + O&M + LRC + MOE) – PTC, in US $/kWh or US cents/kWh | ||||||||
| where: | Net COE = Levelized Cost of Energy, $/kWh (constant US $) | ||||||||
| ICC = Initial Capital Cost (total debt), $ | |||||||||
| CRF = capital recovery factor, 1/yr = int / (1 – (1 + int)^-Life) | |||||||||
| AEPnet = Net Annual Energy Production, kWh/yr = (kW capacity) * (capacity factor) * (hours/year) | |||||||||
| LLC = Land Lease Cost, $/kWh | |||||||||
| O&M = Levelized Operating & Maintenance Expense, $/kWh | |||||||||
| LRC = Levelized Replacement/Overhaul Cost, $/kWh | |||||||||
| MOE = Miscellaneous Operating Expense, $/kWh | |||||||||
| PTC = US Production Tax Credit, $/kWh | |||||||||
| a) RP formula | Net COE = Total Cost / ((1 – g) * (1 – t)), in US $/kWh or US cents/kWh | ||||||||
| Total Cost = ( ICC * CRF + (FixO&M + VarO&M + DOE + Fuel) * (1 – t) – t * DEPN ) / AEPnet | |||||||||
| where: | ICC = (Capacity, kW) * (Overnight Cost, $/kW) | ||||||||
| Overnight Cost = Installed Cost + Interest During Construction | |||||||||
| CRF = capital recovery factor, 1/yr = int / (1 – (1 + int)^-Life) | |||||||||
| AEPnet = Net Annual Energy Production, kWh/yr = (kW capacity) * (capacity factor) * (hours/year) | |||||||||
| FixO&M = (Fixed O&M, $/kW/yr) * (Capacity, kW) | |||||||||
| VarO&M = (Variable O&M, $/kWh) * AEPnet | |||||||||
| DOE = (PhP 0.10 / kWh) / (Exchange Rate, PhP / US $) * AEPnet | |||||||||
| Fuel = (net Heat Rate, LHV) * AEPnet * (Price of fuel, LHV) = (3600 / Efficiency, kJ/kWh net) * AEPnet * (Price, $/kJ net) | |||||||||
| DEPN = Depreciation, $ / yr = ICC / Life | |||||||||
| g = Franchise Tax + Business Tax = 2.5% + 0.005% = 2.005% | |||||||||
| t = Income Tax = 32% | |||||||||
| int = Interest Rate, % | |||||||||
| Life = Economic Life or Project Life, yrs | |||||||||
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Marcial T. Ocampo
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2 Responses to “Sample data for calculating the levelized cost of energy and electricity”
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December 7th, 2009 at 1:15 pm
[...] The input data are summarized in my website: http://energytechnologyexpert.com/cost-of-power-generation/sample-data-for-calculating-the-levelized... [...]
December 8th, 2009 at 12:03 pm
[...] The input data are summarized in my website: http://energytechnologyexpert.com/cost-of-power-generation/sample-data-for-calculating-the-levelized... [...]