Simplified Project Finance Model for Feed-in Tariff (FiT) Calculation
Simplified Project Finance Model for Feed-in Tariff (FiT) Calculation
I simplified the model to its bare functionality and removed the financial ratios section.
The model now has the barest functionality for the feed-in tariff calculation, namely:
1) Rated capacity and dependable capacity (with degradation)
2) Capacity factor and gross generation
3) Power plant own use, T/L and distribution line losses, net sales
4) Plant heat rate (with degradation), cost of fuel (biomass, co-firing fossil fuels)
5) Electricity tariff and by-products/other revenues
6) Electricity revenue from electricity and by-product sales
7) Target revenue if return on rate base (RORB) method of ERC is used
8) Operating income (select either electricity revenue or target revenue)
9) Operating expenses (fuel, lubes, chemicals/supplies, maintenance, personnel, rent, insurance, services, others)
10) Regulatory costs (special privilege tax, special realty tax, DOE 1-94)
11) Debt service reserve fund (DSFR) expense
12) Total expenses (operating, regulatory, DSFR)
13) Gross margin
14) Depreciation and amortization allowance
15) Loan interest expense
16) Income before tax
17) Income tax rate, income tax holiday and income tax expense
18) Income after tax
19) Addback non-cash flow items (depreciation, amortization, salvage value and working capital at end of life)
20) Cash flow items (DSRF income, loan prinicipal repayment, profit sharing, benefit to host community, carbon emission credits)
21) Net cash flow
22) Project cost vs net cash flow (project NPV, project IRR, project payback)
23) Equity portion of project cost vs net cash flow (equity NPV, equity IRR, equity payback)
24) Cash flow for debt service, debt service and debt service cover ratio (DSCR)
25) Annual dividends flow (free cash flow that is available to shareholders)
26) Equity portion of project cost vs free cash flow (equity NPV, equity IRR, equity payback)
27) Calculation of working capital needs (WCN) – cash for operations, receivables, inventory, payables
28) Calculation of all-in project cost (land, equipment, insurance, transport, customs duty, VAT, building, installation cost, project development, working capital, interest during construction or IDC)
29) Evolution of balance sheet accounts (land, fixed assets, working capital, IDC)
30) Loan amortization table (loan interest, principal repayment)
31) Balance sheet (before and after dividends payment)
32) Calculation of dividends payable to shareholders
33) Statement of cash flows (checks ending cash position with ending cash of balance sheet – they must be equal for the model to be correct and balanced)
34) Levelized selling price (tariff), levelized generation cost and levelized profit margin (similar to income statement, but in levelized form, expressed in PhP/kWh) – this breakdown is needed by the electricity industry regulator (ERC).
Please refer to the snippet of model below. You may place an order via PayPal by proceeding to ENERGY DATA page of this website, or email me exactly your needs and make payments via bank transfer to my local bank account which I will provide thru email upon receipt of your email order. Once my PayPal or local bank account has been credited, I will then send you the Excel file containing the project finance model for FiT calculation.
Regards,
MARCIAL T. OCAMPO
Energy Technology & Business Development Consultant
Email: mars_ocampo@yahoo.com
Web: www.energytechnologyexpert.com
http://ph.linkedin.com/in/ocampomarcial
—————-SNIPPET OF MODEL
| PROJECT FINANCE MODEL : Biomass Direct Combustion | Name | BIOMASS PLANT Direct Combustion | |||||
| DCF IRR METHOD | (C) Copyright 2009 by Marcial T. Ocampo (November 2009) | ||||||
| INSTRUCTIONS | WITH INCENTIVES UNDER RE LAW | ||||||
| (This example is in US$ Thousand, except for the unit prices which are in US$) | |||||||
| Year 0 reflects the starting assumptions, which will be applicable starting in year 1. | |||||||
| Blue cells must be filled out by the user. | |||||||
| 1 | 0 | press ctrl + u to converge model | |||||
| CALCULATION OF GROSS OPERATING MARGIN | NPV-Dividends | NPV-Equity | used | IRR | years | ||
| 24 | (0.00) | 1,426.77 | (0.00) | 16.00% | 7.11 | ||
| A) Operating income: ’000 $ | 365 | days per year | Year | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
| 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | |||||
| Days per year | days / year | 365 | 365 | 365 | |||
| Hours per day | capacity factor | 75.00% | hours / day | 18 | 18 | 18 | |
| Rated Capacity | rated capacity | 10.00 | MW | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | |
| Gross Generation | MWh | 65,700 | 65,700 | 65,700 | |||
| Less: Power Plant Own Use | 10.00% | MWh | 6,570 | 6,570 | 6,570 | ||
| Net Generation | MWh | 59,130 | 59,130 | 59,130 | |||
| Less: Transmission Line Lose | 3.00% | MWh | 1,774 | 1,774 | 1,774 | ||
| Net Electricity Sales | MWh | 57,356 | 57,356 | 57,356 | |||
| Plant Heat Rate, Btu/kWh gross | 3412.12822 | 23.00% | 14,835 | 14,835 | 14,835 | ||
| Total Heat Input, Million Btu | 974,682 | 974,682 | 974,682 | ||||
| Cost of Bunker Fuel Oil, PhP/Liter | 25.00 | 0.00% | 25.00 | 25.00 | 25.00 | ||
| Cost of Biomass Fuel, PhP/kg | 1.20% | Btu/kg | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | ||
| Cost of Biomass Fuel, $/Million Btu | 4,000 | 2.2046 | 8,818 | 0.72 | 0.72 | 0.72 | |
| PhP/kWh | PhP/$ | $/kWh | |||||
| Electricity tariff for sales to the network (US$/kWh) | 8.8477 | 47.00 | 0.1882 | 0.1882 | 0.1882 | ||
| Annual increase of the tariff (RP CPI, US CPI, depreciation) | 0% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
| Electricity volume of sales to the network (MWh) | MWh | 57,356 | 57,356 | 57,356 | |||
| Annual increase of the volume | 0.0% | 0.0% | |||||
| Income from sales to the network, ’000 US$ | 10,797 | 10,797 | |||||
| Initial amount of sales of by-products 1, ’000 US$ | 2,240 | 0 | - | - | |||
| Annual increase of the initial amount | 0.0% | 0.0% | |||||
| Income from sales of by-products, ’000 US$ | 0 | 0 | |||||
| Other operating income from the plant 1, ’000 US$ | 1,680 | 0 | - | - | |||
| Annual increase of this operating income | 0.0% | 0.0% | |||||
| Other operating income, ’000 US$ | 0 | 0 | |||||
| 1 | DCF IRR Method – Revenue, ’000 $ | 10,797 | 10,797 | ||||
| PhP/kWh | $/kWh | ||||||
| 0 | RORB Method – Revenue Target, ’000 $ | 8.8440 | 0.1882 | 10,914 | 10,892 | ||
| Asset Base, ’000 $ | 33,135 | 33,135 | 33,135 | ||||
| Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC), % p.a. | 12.15% | 12.15% | 12.15% | ||||
| Asset Base Recovery, ’000 $ | 3.2969 | 0.0701 | 4,026 | 4,026 | |||
| Generation Cost Recovery, ’000 $ | 4.7754 | 0.1016 | 5,947 | 5,924 | |||
| Profit Term, $/kWh (you need profit term to have IRR) | 0.7716 | 0.0164 | 0.0164 | 0.0164 | |||
| Escalation, % p.a. | 0.0% | 0.0% | |||||
| Profit Term, ’000 $ | 0.7716 | 0.0164 | 942 | 942 | |||
| Variable O&M Costs: | 1,047 | 1,047 | |||||
| Expenses from biomass purchase | 705 | 705 | |||||
| Purchase of chemical materials | 137 | 137 | |||||
| Utilities (fuel, lubes, electricity, water) | 205 | 205 | |||||
| Fixed O&M Costs: | 4,305 | 4,305 | |||||
| Maintenance of the installation | 1,433 | 1,433 | |||||
| Personnel expense | 1,433 | 1,433 | |||||
| Land lease, rent | 860 | 860 | |||||
| Taxes, Insurance, services, and others | 573 | 573 | |||||
| DSRF Expense | 5 | 5 | |||||
| Regulatory Costs: | 594 | 572 | |||||
| Special Privilege Tax – 2% | 108 | 108 | |||||
| Special Realty Tax – 2.5% | 474 | 452 | |||||
| DOE 1-94 : 0.01 PhP/kWh sales | 12 | 12 | |||||
| TOTAL OPERATING INCOME | 8.8440 | 0.1882 | 10,797 | 10,797 | |||
| Annual increase | 0.0% | ||||||
| B) Expenses: ’000 $ | 27,235.55 | Year | 0 | 1 | 2 | ||
| Price of the biomass (US$/Million Btu) | 0.72 | 0.72 | 0.72 | ||||
| Annual increase of the price | 0.0% | 0.0% | |||||
| Consumption volume of biomass (Million Btu) | 974,682 | 974,682 | 974,682 | ||||
| Annual increase of the volume | 0.0% | 0.0% | |||||
| % of EPC | months | working capital | |||||
| $/kWh | Expenses from biomass purchase | 2 | 118 | 705 | 705 | 705 | |
| 0.00520 | Purchase of chemical materials | 0.502% | 2 | 23 | 137 | 137 | 137 |
| 0.00520 | Utilities (fuel, lubes, electricity, water) | 0.753% | 3 | 51 | 205 | 205 | 205 |
| 0.0 | Maintenance of the installation | 5.263% | 3 | 358 | 1,433 | 1,433 | 1,433 |
| $/kW/yr | Personnel expense | 5.263% | 3 | 358 | 1,433 | 1,433 | 1,433 |
| 0.4300 | Land lease, rent | 3.158% | 1 | 72 | 860 | 860 | 860 |
| 0.4300 | Taxes, Insurance, services, and others | 2.105% | 1 | 48 | 573 | 573 | 573 |
| 0.0 | Annual increase of these expenses | 17.043% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |||
| Total O&M expenses | 4,300 | 5,347 | 5,347 | ||||
| DSRF Expense | 0.30% | 5 | 5 | ||||
| Special Privilege Tax – 2% | 1.00% | of Electricity Revenue | 108 | 108 | |||
| Special Realty Tax – 2.5% | 1.50% | of Depreciated Project Cost | 474 | 452 | |||
| DOE 1-94 : 0.01 PhP/kWh sales | 0.01 | PhP/kWh sales | 0.000213 | $/kWh | 12 | 12 | |
| Total Regulatory Expenses | 594 | 572 | |||||
| TOTAL OPERATING EXPENSE | 5,947 | 5,924 | |||||
| Annual increase | -0.4% | ||||||
| GROSS OPERATING MARGIN | 4,850 | 4,873 | |||||
| Annual increase | 0.5% | ||||||
| PROFIT AND LOSS STATEMENTS | |||||||
| In ’000 US$ | Year | 0 | 1 | 2 | |||
| Operating income | 10,797 | 10,797 | |||||
| Operating expense | 5,947 | 5,924 | |||||
| Operating gross margin | 4,850 | 4,873 | |||||
| - Depreciation & amortization | 1,489 | 1,489 | |||||
| - Interest | 2,435 | 2,325 | |||||
| INCOME BEFORE TAX | 926 | 1,059 | |||||
| (Tax rate) and Income Tax Holiday (ITH) years | 10% | 7 | 0% | 0% | |||
| - Income tax | 0 | 0 | |||||
| INCOME AFTER TAX | 926 | 1,059 | |||||
| Percentage of increase | 14.4% | ||||||
| NET CASH FLOW | |||||||
| Year | 0 | 1 | 2 | ||||
| Net profit after tax | 926 | 1,059 | |||||
| Addback: | |||||||
| Depreciation & Amortization | 1,489 | 1,489 | |||||
| Working Capital | |||||||
| Salvage Value | |||||||
| Add: | |||||||
| DSRF Income | 4.00% | DSRF Income | 70 | 70 | |||
| Less: | |||||||
| Principal Repayment | 1,052 | 1,163 | |||||
| 0 | Profit Sharing | 0.00% | of income after tax | 0 | 0 | ||
| $0 | Social Benefit Fund – Host Community | 0 | per month | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||
| $0.00 | Add: Carbon Emission Credits (net of monitoring fees) | 0.650 | 0.000 | kg CO2/kWh | 0.000 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 0.00% | NET CASH FLOW | 1,432.17 | 1,454.50 | ||||
| $0 | Percentage of increase | 1.6% | |||||
| ((0.650 -0.000) kg CO2/ kWh x MWh x 1000 kWh/MWh x MT/1000 kg x $5.00/MT x (100%- 4%) – 1,200 $) x M$/1000$ | 4,850 | 4,873 | |||||
| Total Initial investment | 33,135 | ||||||
| Project Cash Flow | 13.72% | 12.15% | WACC | -33,135 | 4,850 | 4,873 | |
| IRR | NPV | -4,003 | -33,135 | 4,181 | 3,621 | ||
| check | 3,352 | -33,135 | 4,325 | 3,874 | |||
| 2,988.76 | cumulative | 0 | -33,135 | -28,285 | -23,412 | ||
| project payback | 6.73 | ||||||
| Invested capital | 30.00% | 9,941 | |||||
| Equity Cash Flow | 17.92% | 16.00% | Equity IRR | -9,941 | 1,432 | 1,455 | |
| IRR | NPV | 1,427 | -9,941 | 1,235 | 1,081 | ||
| check | 1,427 | -9,941 | 1,235 | 1,081 | |||
| 1,229.98 | cumulative | 0 | -9,941 | -8,508 | -7,054 | ||
| equity payback | 6.62 | ||||||
| CALCULATION OF CASH FLOW FOR DEBT SERVICE | |||||||
| Year | 0 | 1 | 2 | ||||
| Operating gross margin | 4,850 | 4,873 | |||||
| - Income tax | 0 | 0 | |||||
| - Increase in working capital needs (WCN) | 591 | 0 | |||||
| - Profit Sharing | 0 | 0 | |||||
| + DSRF Income | 70 | 70 | |||||
| - Social Benefit Fund | 0 | 0 | |||||
| + Carbon Emission Credits | 0 | 0 | |||||
| Cash flow available for debt service (CFD) | 4,329 | 4,942 | |||||
| CALCULATION OF DEBT SERVICE COVERAGE RATIO (DSCR) | |||||||
| Year | 0 | 1 | 2 | ||||
| Cash flow available for debt service (CFD) | 4,329 | 4,942 | |||||
| Annual debt service (DS) | 3,488 | 3,488 | |||||
| min | ave | max | |||||
| DEBT SERVICE COVERAGE RATIO (DSCR) | 1.241 | 1.402 | 1.456 | 1.241 | 1.417 | ||
| CALCULATION OF DIVIDENDS PAYABLE | |||||||
| Year | 0 | 1 | 2 | ||||
| Cash flow available for debt service (CFD) | 4,329 | 4,942 | |||||
| Annual debt service (DS) | 3,488 | 3,488 | |||||
| CF available for dividends (CFDiv = CFD-DS) | 841 | 1,455 | |||||
| Accumulated CFDiv | 0 | 841 | 2,296 | ||||
| Current year profit after tax | 926 | 1,059 | |||||
| Accumulated profit: limit for dividend payable | 0 | 926 | 1,984 | ||||
| Select smaller accumulated value | 841 | 1,984 | |||||
| Accumulated dividend payable | 0 | 841 | 1,984 | ||||
| Annual dividend payable | 841 | 1,143 | |||||
| CALCULATION OF NPV, IRR AND PAY-BACK ACCORDING TO INVESTED CAPITAL AND DIVIDENDS PAYABLE | |||||||
| Year | 0 | 1 | 2 | ||||
| Invested capital | 9,941 | ||||||
| Annual dividend payable | 0 | 841 | 1,143 | ||||
| Discount rate to be applied for NPV calculation | 16.00% | 16% | 16% | ||||
| Discount factor for this rate | 1 | 1.0000 | 1.1600 | 1.3456 | |||
| Discounted dividends | 0 | 725 | 849 | ||||
| Present value of dividends | 9,941 | ||||||
| NPV of the investment | 0 | ||||||
| Year | 0 | 1 | 2 | ||||
| Investment schedulle | 16.00% | 16.00% | Equity IRR | -9,941 | 841 | 1,143 | |
| IRR of Invested Capital | IRR | NPV | 0 | -9,941 | 725 | 849 | |
| check | 0 | -9,941 | 725 | 849 | |||
| (0.00) | cumulative | 0 | -9,941 | -9,099 | -7,956 | ||
| Pay-back term of invested capital, years | equity payback | 7.11 | |||||
| BALANCE SHEET ACCOUNTS | |||||||
| Calculation of WCN: | |||||||
| Cash needed for operations (+) | 3.000 | months of expenses | 7.37% | 768 | 768 | ||
| Receivables (+) | 1.000 | months of revenue | 8.33% | 900 | 900 | ||
| Stocks (+) | 2.000 | months of fuel & chemicals | 1.30% | 140 | 140 | ||
| Suppliers(-) | 1.000 | months of payables | 1.76% | 190 | 190 | ||
| WCN | 15.25% | % of operating income | 1,028 | 1,618 | 1,618 | ||
| CALCULATION OF DEPRECIATION | |||||||
| 47.00 | In ’000 US$ | 1 ha = 10,000 m2 | Year | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
| $4 | Initial investment in land | $2,128 | 20 | 43 | |||
| Freight on Board = FOB USA = $/kW | $1,900 | 10.00 | 19,000 | ||||
| 5% | Ocean Freight = FRT = 5% x FOB | 5% | 950 | ||||
| 1% | Insurance = INS = 1% x FOB | 1% | 190 | ||||
| Cargo, Insurance & Freight = CIF = FOB + FRT + INS | 20,140 | ||||||
| 12% | Value Added Tax = VAT = 12% x CIF | 12% | 2,417 | ||||
| 3% | Customs Duty = (CIF + VAT) x (% Duty) x (1 + % VAT) | 0% | 0 | ||||
| Duty-Paid Landed Cost = DPLC = CIF + VAT + Duty | 22,557 | ||||||
| 3% | Local Freight Cost = LFC = 3% x CIF | 3% | 604 | ||||
| Delivered Cost at Site = DCS = DPLC + LFC | 23,161 | ||||||
| 5% | Installation Cost = IC = 5% x FOB | 5% | 950 | ||||
| Transmission line cost 69 kV | $42,553 | 10.0 | 425.53 | ||||
| Total EPC = DCS + IC | 24,536.53 | ||||||
| 10% | Contingency (10%) = EPC x 10% | 10% | 2,454 | ||||
| 1% | Documentary Stamps (1%) = EPC x 1% = DS | 1% | 245 | ||||
| $2,724 | Total Fixed Assets (EPC + Contingency + DS) | 27,236 | |||||
| Depreciation term (years) | salvage value | 10.00% | 1,226 | 20 | 27,278 | ||
| Development costs (modeler) | 0.50% | 136 | |||||
| 12% | Other Costs including taxes, contingencies | 0.00% | - | ||||
| Carbon Emission Registration & Consultancy | 0.00 | ||||||
| $14 | Initial investment in capitalized expenses | 1,164.16 | 136 | ||||
| Amortization term (years) | salvage value | 10.00% | 52 | 20 | |||
| Working Capital: | |||||||
| 141.3 | Working capital (adjustment to meet DSCR = 1.1) | 1.100 | 1.241 | - | |||
| Working capital (initial stocks – biomass fuel) – 2 months | 118 | ||||||
| Working capital (initial stocks – chemical materials) – 2 months | 23 | ||||||
| Working capital (mobilization – utilities) – 2 months | 51 | ||||||
| Working capital (mobilization – maintenance) – 2 months | 358 | ||||||
| Working capital (mobilization – personnel expense) – 2 months | 358 | ||||||
| Working capital (pre-paid expense – advance rent) – 2 months | 72 | ||||||
| $103 | Working capital (pre-paid expense – taxes, insurances, etc) – 2 months | 1,028 | 48 | 28,442 | |||
| Interest During Construction: | |||||||
| Dev’t fees (loan arranger) | 0.50% | 142 | |||||
| Front end fees (loan arranger) | 0.50% | 142 | |||||
| $469 | Commitment fees (bank) | 0.50% | 142 | ||||
| 12% | Interest During Construction (bank) – 12 months | 18 | 10.00% | 4,266 | 4,693 | ||
| Amortization term (years) | salvage value | 10.00% | 211 | 20 | |||
| $3,314 | Total Investment (land, fixed, capitalized expenses, working capital) | 1,557,356 | 33,135 | ||||
| $3,314 | checksum | ||||||
| Depreciation of fixed assets | 1,226 | 1,226 | |||||
| Amortization of capitalized expenses and working capital | 52 | 52 | |||||
| Amortization of capitalized interest during construction | 211 | 211 | |||||
| TOTAL DEPRECIATION & AMORTIZATION EXPENSE | 1,489 | 1,489 | |||||
| Evolution of fixed assets and capitalized expenses | Year | 0 | 1 | 2 | |||
| Land | 43 | 43 | 43 | ||||
| Gross fixed assets | 27,236 | 27,236 | 27,236 | ||||
| Accumulated depreciation | 0 | 1,226 | 2,451 | ||||
| Net fixed assets | 27,236 | 26,010 | 24,784 | ||||
| Gross capitalized expenses | 1,164 | 1,164 | 1,164 | ||||
| Accumulated amortization | 0 | 52 | 105 | ||||
| Net capitalized expenses | 1,164 | 1,112 | 1,059 | ||||
| Gross capitalized interest during construction | 4,693 | 4,693 | 4,693 | ||||
| Accumulated amortization | 0 | 211 | 422 | ||||
| Net capitalized intereset during construction | 4,693 | 4,482 | 4,271 | ||||
| Total Depreciable Assets (fixed assets, capitalized expenses, IDC) | 33,093 | 31,604 | 30,114 | ||||
| DEBT SERVICE CALCULATION | |||||||
| In ’000 US$ | Year | 0 | 1 | 2 | |||
| Total Initial investment | 33,135 | ||||||
| % to be financed by capital | Equity IRR | 16.00% | 30% | ||||
| % to be financed by non refundable subsidy | Subsidy | 0.00% | 0% | ||||
| % to be financed by debt | Debt Interest | 10.50% | 70% | ||||
| Initial amount of capital | WACC | 12.15% | 9,941 | ||||
| Amount of subsidy | 0 | ||||||
| Initial amount of debt | 23,195 | ||||||
| Repayment term (years) | 1,933 | 12 | |||||
| Constant Repayment Method: | |||||||
| Annual repayment | 1,933 | 1,933 | |||||
| Amount of debt at year end | 23,195 | 21,262 | 19,329 | ||||
| Average amount of debt | 22,228 | 20,295 | |||||
| Reference interest rate (Libor or other) | 8.00% | 8.00% | 8.00% | ||||
| Spread | 2.50% | 2.50% | 2.50% | ||||
| Interest rate of debt | (1 = constant, 0 = mortgage) | 10.50% | 10.50% | 10.50% | |||
| Interest based on average amount of debt | 0 | 2,334 | 2,131 | ||||
| Declining Balance Method: | |||||||
| Beginning Balance | 23,195 | 22,142 | |||||
| Interest | 1 | 15.04% | 10.50% | 2,435 | 2,325 | ||
| Principal repayment | 3,488 | 12 | 1,052 | 1,163 | |||
| Remaining balance | 23,195 | 22,142 | 20,979 | ||||
| Year | 0 | 1 | 2 | ||||
| Beginning Balance | 23,195 | 22,142 | |||||
| Annual amount of interest | 2,435 | 2,325 | |||||
| Annual amount of principal | 1,052 | 1,163 | |||||
| Annual debt service (principal + interest) | 3,488 | 3,488 | |||||
| Ending Balance | 23,195 | 22,142 | 20,979 | ||||
| Debt Service Reserve Fund | 6 | months | 1,744 | 1,744 | |||
| DSRF Income | 4.00% | DSRF Income | 70 | 70 | |||
| Withholding Tax on Forex Fund | 7.50% | WhTax | |||||
| DSRF Expense | 0.30% | DSRF Expense | 5 | 5 | |||
| BALANCE SHEET | |||||||
| BALANCE SHEET BEFORE DIVIDEND PAYMENT | |||||||
| In ’000 US$ | Year | 0 | 1 | 2 | |||
| Cash needed for operations | 0 | 768 | 768 | ||||
| Additional cash (if negative, it would represent additional debt) | 0 | -1,136 | -522 | ||||
| Receivables | 0 | 900 | 900 | ||||
| Stocks | 0 | 140 | 140 | ||||
| Land | 43 | 43 | 43 | ||||
| Fixed assets (net) | 27,236 | 26,010 | 24,784 | ||||
| Capitalized expenses (net) | 1,164 | 1,112 | 1,059 | ||||
| Capitalized IDC (net) | 4,693 | 4,482 | 4,271 | ||||
| Total assets | 33,135 | 32,318 | 31,443 | ||||
| Suppliers | 0 | 190 | 190 | ||||
| Debt | 23,195 | 21,262 | 19,329 | ||||
| Shareholder’s Advances | |||||||
| Current year profit after tax | 0 | 926 | 1,059 | ||||
| Accumulated reserves | 0 | 0 | 926 | ||||
| Subsidy | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Capital | 9,941 | 9,941 | 9,941 | ||||
| Total liabilities and net worth | 33,135 | 32,318 | 31,443 | ||||
| variance | - | - | - | ||||
| BALANCE SHEET AFTER DIVIDEND PAYMENT | |||||||
| Year | 0 | 1 | 2 | ||||
| Cash needed for operations | 0 | 768 | 768 | ||||
| Additional cash (if negative, it would represent additional debt) | 0 | -1,978 | -2,506 | ||||
| Receivables | 0 | 900 | 900 | ||||
| Stocks | 0 | 140 | 140 | ||||
| Land | 43 | 43 | 43 | ||||
| Fixed assets (net) | 27,236 | 26,010 | 24,784 | ||||
| Capitalized expenses (net) | 1,164 | 1,112 | 1,059 | ||||
| Capitalized IDC (net) | 4,693 | 4,482 | 4,271 | ||||
| Total assets | 33,135 | 31,476 | 29,459 | ||||
| Suppliers | 0 | 190 | 190 | ||||
| Debt | 23,195 | 21,262 | 19,329 | ||||
| Shareholder’s Advances | |||||||
| Current year profit after tax | |||||||
| Reserves | 0 | 84 | 0 | ||||
| Subsidy | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Capital | 9,941 | 9,941 | 9,941 | ||||
| Total liabilities and net worth | 33,135 | 31,476 | 29,459 | ||||
| variance | - | - | - | ||||
| Calculation of Dividends Payable | |||||||
| Gross Margin | 4,850 | 4,873 | |||||
| Income Tax (-) | 0 | 0 | |||||
| Increase in Working Capital (-) | 591 | 0 | |||||
| Profit Sharing (-) | 0 | 0 | |||||
| DSRF Income (+) | 70 | 70 | |||||
| Social Benefit Fund (-) | 0 | 0 | |||||
| Carbon Emission Credits (+) | 0 | 0 | |||||
| Cash flow available for debt service (CFD) | 4,329 | 4,942 | |||||
| Annual debt service (DS) = Interest + Principal | 3,488 | 3,488 | |||||
| CF available for dividends (CFDiv = CFD-DS) | 841 | 1,455 | |||||
| Accumulated CFDiv | 0 | 841 | 2,296 | ||||
| Current year profit = Income After Tax | 926 | 1,059 | |||||
| Accumulated profit: limit for dividend payable | 0 | 926 | 1,984 | ||||
| Accumulated dividend payable | 0 | 841 | 1,984 | ||||
| Annual dividend payable | Planned | Actual | -9,941 | 841 | 1,143 | ||
| Investor 1 | 60.00% | -5,964 | 505 | 686 | |||
| Investor 2 | 30.00% | -2,982 | 252 | 343 | |||
| Investor 3 | 10.00% | -994 | 84 | 114 | |||
| 100.00% | |||||||
| CASH FLOW STATEMENT | Year | 0 | 1 | 2 | |||
| OPERATIONS | |||||||
| Net Income (after tax) | 925.73 | 1,058.58 | |||||
| Add: Depreciation & Amortization | 1,489.17 | 1,489.17 | |||||
| (Increase) / Decrease in Receivables | -899.76 | 0.00 | |||||
| (Increase) / Decrease in Inventories | -140.37 | 0.00 | |||||
| Increase / (Decrease) in Accounts Payable | 189.63 | 0.00 | |||||
| Net Cash flow from Operations | 1,564.40 | 2,547.75 | |||||
| INVESTMENTS | |||||||
| Additions to PP&E | 27,235.55 | -27,235.55 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |||
| Additions to Capitalized Expenses | 1,164.16 | -1,164.16 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |||
| Additions to Capitalized IDC | 4,692.97 | -4,692.97 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |||
| Additions to Land | 42.55 | -42.55 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |||
| Net Cash flow Used for Investments | 33,135.23 | -33,135.23 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |||
| Cash flow before Financing | -33,135.23 | 1,564.40 | 2,547.75 | ||||
| FINANCING | |||||||
| Increase (Decrease) in Shareholder Advances | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||
| Increase (Decrease) in Long-term Debt | 23,194.66 | 23,194.66 | -1,932.89 | -1,932.89 | |||
| Increase (Decrease) in Subsidy | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |||
| Increase (Decrease) in Capital Stock | 9,940.57 | 9,940.57 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |||
| Net Cash flow from Financing | 33,135.23 | 33,135.23 | -1,932.89 | -1,932.89 | |||
| NET CASH FLOW | 0.00 | -368.49 | 614.87 | ||||
| Add: Beginning Cash Balance | 0.00 | -368.49 | |||||
| ENDING CASH BALANCE | 0.00 | -368.49 | 246.37 | ||||
| Levelized Selling Price, Generation Cost and Profit | Year | 0 | 1 | 2 | |||
| Discounting Rate, % p.a. | 16.00% | 47.00 | NPV | ||||
| Electricity sales | MWh | PhP/kWh | $/kWh | 340,268 | 57,356 | 57,356 | |
| 0.1882 | TOTAL OPERATING INCOME AND SELLING PRICE | 000 US$ | 8.8477 | 0.1882 | 64,055 | 10,797 | 10,797 |
| fuel | Expenses from biomass purchase | 000 US$ | 0.5781 | 0.0123 | 4,185 | 705 | 705 |
| variable O&M | Purchase of chemical materials | 000 US$ | 0.1120 | 0.0024 | 811 | 137 | 137 |
| Utilities (fuel, lubes, electricity, water) | 000 US$ | 0.1680 | 0.0036 | 1,216 | 205 | 205 | |
| Maintenance of the installation | 000 US$ | 1.1738 | 0.0250 | 8,498 | 1,433 | 1,433 | |
| Personnel expense | 000 US$ | 1.1738 | 0.0250 | 8,498 | 1,433 | 1,433 | |
| fixed O&M | Land lease, rent | 000 US$ | 0.7043 | 0.0150 | 5,099 | 860 | 860 |
| Taxes, Insurance, services, and others | 000 US$ | 0.4695 | 0.0100 | 3,399 | 573 | 573 | |
| DSRF Expense | 000 US$ | 3.756 | 0.0799 | 27 | 5 | 5 | |
| regulatory | Special Privilege Tax – 2% | 000 US$ | 88.477 | 1.8825 | 641 | 108 | 108 |
| Special Realty Tax – 2.5% | 000 US$ | 293.703 | 6.2490 | 2,126 | 474 | 452 | |
| DOE 1-94 : 0.01 PhP/kWh sales | 000 US$ | 10.000 | 0.2128 | 72 | 12 | 12 | |
| Others | |||||||
| 1 | Depreciation & amortization | 000 US$ | 1.2195 | 0.0259 | 8,829 | 1,489 | 1,489 |
| 1 | Interest | 000 US$ | 1.3363 | 0.0284 | 9,674 | 2,435 | 2,325 |
| 1 | Income tax | 000 US$ | 0.0791 | 0.0017 | 573 | 0 | 0 |
| Total Generation Cost | 7.4103 | 0.1577 | 53,649 | 9,871 | 9,739 | ||
| Net Profit after Tax | 1.4373 | 0.0306 | 10,406 | 925.73 | 1,058.58 | ||
One Response to “Simplified Project Finance Model for Feed-in Tariff (FiT) Calculation”
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September 11th, 2010 at 8:42 am
Solid web site. I got a great deal of good records. I?ve been maintaining an eye on this technological innovation for awhile. It is intriguing how it keeps varying, nevertheless some of the core elements remain the identical. Have you seen a lot alter considering that Google made their latest acquisition in the field?